Bentham’s Act Utilitarianism can be used in making

Explain how Benthams Act Utilitarianism can be use in making moral decisions BY AltceReid20 Jeremy Bentham was a philosopher, economist, atheist and brotherly reformer. Being a social reformer inwardness that Bentham worked to bring about a gradual change to federation. Being an economist meant that he had knowledge in the social science and discipline of economics. Bentham was a philosopher because he studied ship canal of thinking about the world. This solely had an impact on the way his ideas were influenced. He developed the possibleness known as Act Utilitarianism.His version of Utilitarianism is referred to as Act Utilitarianism because it states that the rule of utility-grade should be applied to every act performed in each unique event. Any act is Justifiable if it mystifys the great get of mirth for the greatest number. By the principle of utility Bentham meant the usefulness of a side. The principle states that we should aim to achieve the greatest gladness f or the greatest number. Act Utilitarianism depends on each action or each individual dilemma existence calculated.According to Act Utilitarianism it is the value of the consequences of the particular act that counts. In 1789 he wrote the al-Quran An Introduction to the principle of morals and legislation He believed our main aim in life was to achieve happiness and to avoid pain, he wanted to introduce this to connection to maximise the amount of happiness produced in certain smudges. His theory was make to drive a human being pain v pleasure. As people argon motivated by pleasure and pain is considered evil. As stated in his book Nature has placed mankind under(a) the governance of to sovereign masters, pain and pleasure.Jeremy Benthams theory is considered as relativistic this means that here are no universal norms or rules and that each situation has to be looked at independently because each situation is different. It is as well idea of as a teleological theory. This mea ns that it is interested with the end aspire or goal of an action in this case it should always be happiness. Benthams theory was also considered to be consequentialist this means that moral decisions should be ground on the outcome or consequences of an action. Bentham felt that society needed a form of structure for making moral decisions influencing him to introduce ActUtilitarianism to help wield each moral decision as unique. He was very concerned with the social conditions of his day, becoming particularly involved with both hospitals and prisons. He also believed in womens vote and the decriminalisation of homosexuality. He developed the principle of utility in his theory which states that an action is right if it produces the greatest happiness for the greatest number. He had strong beliefs of maximising the quantity of happiness he was not concerned about prioritising which form of happiness were superior to others. Bentham wrote in theRationale of rejoin Prejudice apar t, the game of push-pin is equal of value with the arts of sciences of music and poetry. Benthams short letter was that all pleasures are of equal value. From this he devised the luxurious chalkstone as a means of measuring happiness. Hedone meaning pleasure. There are 7 parts of the indulgent calculus being glitz, duration, induction, farness, richness and purity which all link to measuring the amount of happiness that a certain situation leave alone produce. An example be applied by using the hedonic calculus to help resolve whether it is morally right.A scenario, of a 16 course of instruction old daughter called Katy wants an abortion because she doesnt want to withstand a baby. However, her parents are Christians and do not agree with her having an abortion. Abortion is thought of as an ethical issue because people argue whether it is right or wrong. As Benthams theory is concequentialist all Judgements made should be based on the outcome. Using the hedonic calculus can measure/estimate the amount of happiness that leave behinding be produced. To decide upon the action taken on abortion the intensity of happiness go out be produced.In this scenario, the strength of the happiness of the girl, the parents and society will be taken into to help provide the greatest amount of happiness for the greatest amount of people. The duration of the happiness will also be taken into deem, to measure how long the happiness will last for. In this case, how long will the happiness of the girl last if she has an abortion? The certainty of the situation will be measured to determine whether happiness is guaranteed to be produced. Will having an abortion actually produce happiness for Katy and her parents?The extent of the happiness will be evaluated to decide how legion(predicate) people it will effect. In this example, will it affect her parents and society more than itll effect her if she has an abortion? The remoteness of abortion will be checked to det ermine how soon the happiness will occur. It will be debated whether having an abortion will immediately make the girl happy straight away and/ or in the future. This tie in to the richness of a situation evaluating how much happiness it may produce in the future. In this case, will abortion still provide the girl ith happiness in the future? r will it affect her family and society more so? Again, this links with the purity of the situation which is the decision of whether it will provide sorrowfulness in the future. Will abortion cause sorrowfulness for the girl, her family and society. As you can see the hedonic calculus works towards manner of speaking the greatest happiness to the greatest amount of people measuring the fiber of happiness not the quantity. In this example, the hedonic calculus would help to decide whether abortion is morally right helping to make moral decisions.The edonic calculus helps you to weigh out what is morally right in a situation giving an object ive view reducing opinions and biased options. It takes quadruplicate choices into account excluding religion. In this case, the hedonic calculus would decide that is morally right for Katy to have an abortion. The hedonic calculus would conclude this because society may think that 16 is too young to have a baby which would provide them with more overall happiness of the girl having an abortion. However, having the abortion may cause unhappiness for her family but forgiveness is in the heart ofChristians, if they understand that having an abortion will create a very high amount of happiness for Katy and many people of society may agree with her having an abortion it outweighs the unhappiness of the parents. If Katy was to keep an eye on through with her abortion it would provide her more happiness in the stave and future as having a baby may affect multiple aspects of her life. As you can see the hedonic calculus works towards convey happiness to the greatest amount of people th erefore supporting Benthams beliefs and sideline Act Utilitarianism.