The Clarification Project :: essays research papers

I read two articles that were very contrasting on the ideas of Greek letter societies, better k in a flashn as Greek Life. The first article was titled, University Announces Ban on Fraternities and Sororities from the Metropolitan Desk, and the second was titled, For Some Women at Harvard, Greek Is a ejaculate from the Style Desk. One was about banning Greek Life, and the other about how Greek Life can be a positive for social livelihood at Harvard University.In University Announces Ban on Fraternities and Sororities, Alfred University argued that deaths, drinking problems, and low grades all resulted from Greek housing. To better the learning environment at the school, trustees of the school voted to ban fraternities and sororities. They consider that this change wont have much affect on the campus since Greek interest has gone down 30% from the 1960s. I think this finale to take away fraternities and sororities is not going to solve anything. People coming to college are force d into a new environment. They are learning about themselves, and sometimes they turn to alcohol to help them cope with the changes. With or without fraternities, they would party and get bad grades as a result of the drinking. Taking away fraternities doesnt do any good, because the students will revolt by making underground clubs which will be much worst since the university has no control over these. So my questions are, now that they have banned Greek letter societies, has the school noticed a change? And is this change good or bad? And has there been any secret underground societies been made as a result of this change?The argument to this side comes from For Some Women at Harvard, Greek Is a Scream. At Harvard University, they are conclusion that women are joining sororities more for social reasons. But the social agendas do not include going to bars or partying, instead, they consist of kickball tournaments, pajama parties, apple-picking trips, or outings to wield a Bagel and Au Bon Pain. And these sororities arent about leaving people out, but instead focus on welcoming women who want to join to be a part of them. The actual funny part is, that while the sororities are strive to be charitable and positive, there are groups that offer the party and max side that normally comes to mind when describing sororities. These groups are the women-only private clubs.

Drugs Essay -- Pharmacokinetics, Lasix, Water Pill

LasixPharmacokineticsLasix is known as the water pill its a diuretic administrated orally.(1) The active ingredient of Lasix is furosemide, but also includes a number of inactive ingredients including lactose monohydrate NF, magnesium stearate NF, starch NF, talc USP, and colloidal silicon dioxide NF. (1) The peak effects of furosemide are typically seen within the first hour of two after a dose of the medication. (1). Lasix is positive(p) for individuals to treat edema that whitethorn arise from congestive heart failure, liver cirrhosis or renal disease. (1) In adults, furosemide may also be taken to treat hypertension itself.(1) Furosemide comes in 20, 40, and 80mg tablets as well as oral suspensions.(2) Furosemide is absorbed rapidly from oral suspension at 50 minutes, and from tablets at 87 minutes.(2) Food may slow down the absorption of the drug and alter the bioavalibitly.(1) Furosemide binds to plasma proteins, albumin being the main(prenominal) plasma protein that fu rosemide binds to, at 91-99%, and peak plasma concentrations increase with the increase of a single dose.(2) Furosemide is excreted through the urine and the remainder is excreted in the feces. (2) The half-life for furosemide is approximately 2 hours but the diuretic effects last 6-8 hours. (2) Dosage Schedules and Routes of AdministrationFurosemide is available in tablets, sublingual tablets, oral suspension, and intravenously. (2) The recommended agendum dose for adults for an initial dose is 20 to 80mg. (3) The same dose as well as higher doses may be administered 6 to 8 hours avocation the previous dose if needed. (2) When titrating doses it may be raised by 20 to 40mg but not within 6 to 8 hours after the initial dose, and this may continue until the desi... ...hat makes the length of time the the medication is active much longer. (1) After opiates bind opiates are bound to the receptor a messanger such as cyclical AMP express the symptoms that are shown.(1) Mechanism o f ToxicityBuprenorphine is contraindicated in patients with patients who opiate agnoist hypersensitivity.(1) It has been shown that CNS and repiratory depression macy occur with therapeutic doses of buprenorphine and can increase with ethanol intoxication.(1) Buprenorphine increass the tone and decreases the contractions of shine muscles of the gastrointestinal tract resulting in constipation.(1) The metabolism of buprenorphine is directed by CYP3A4 isozyme, when administer with protease inhibitors it may decrease the clearance of buprenorphine.(1) This will increase the the levels of the medication in the plasma and can experience toxic effects(1)

Free College Admissions Essays: I am a Dynamic Figure :: College Admissions Essays

I am a Dynamic Figure I am a dynamic figure, often seen scaling walls and crushing ice. I have been known to remodel train stations on my lunch breaks, making them more efficient in the area of heat retention. I translate ethnic slurs for Cuban refugees, I write award-winning operas, I manage time efficiently. Occasionally, I tread water for three days in a row. I woo women with my sensuous and godlike trombone playing, I can pilot bicycles up repellant inclines with unflagging speed, and I cook Thirty-Minute Brownies in twenty minutes. I am an expert in stucco, a veteran in love, and an outlaw in Peru. using only a hoe and a large glass of water, I once single-handedly defended a small village in the Amazon privy from a horde of ferocious army ants. I play bluegrass cello, I was scouted by the Mets, I am the subject of numerous documentaries. When Im bored, I arm large suspension bridges in my yard. I enjoy urban hang gliding. On Wednesdays, after school, I repair electrica l appliances free of charge. I am an abstract artist, a concrete analyst, and a ruthless bookie. Critics worldwide swoon over my original line of corduroy evening wear. I dont perspire. I am a private citizen, yet I receive fan mail. I have been caller number nine and have won the weekend passes. Last summer I toured New Jersey with a traveling centrifugal-force demonstration. I bat .400. My deft floral arrangements have earned me fame in external botany circles. Children trust me. I can hurl tennis rackets at small moving objects with deadly accuracy. I once read Paradise Lost, Moby Dick, and David Copperfield in one day and still had time to refurbish an entire dining room that evening. I know the exact location of every food situation in the supermarket. I have performed several covert operations for the CIA. I stop once a week when I do sleep, I sleep in a chair. While on vacation in Canada, I successfully negotiated with a group of terrorists who had seized a small bakery . The laws of physics do not apply to me. I balance, I weave, I dodge, I frolic, and my bills are all paid.

Supply Chain Management :: Business Case Studies Essays

In this competitive world either organization is striving hard to be at the top in its own field. The competition in the business environment has become intense. The winds of change are blowing in purchasing and supply. And it is one of the areas that the organisations look into for achieving competitive advantage.The changes in conformity quality standards, JIT approaches to material availability, long term relationships with fewer suppliers and a win-win approach to negotiations have helped organisations to survive and succeed in a very competitive world. Its every organisations dream to have a low cost supplier and a low cost service provider to its customers. In this changing world of competition, globalisation, world and technology all organisations are thriving to re-engineer their business processes to achieve a competitive edge over others. These changes have led the organisations to cost effectiveness perspective in every department of business especially supply, purchas ing, distribution and management.In terms of tough competition organisations offer similar products in terms of quality, price and features. Customer service differentiation can provide an organisation with a distinct advantage over the competition. The level of service provided to functions such as trade and production affects the organisations ability to serve the need of the customers. The organisation can achieve competitive success if they satisfy the customers through their services effectively and efficiently. This is achieved if they are assailable of retaining their customers. A greater customer satisfaction is achieved by a superior service provided by the organisation. This is achieved if the business functions are well defined and are support by other functions. This report gives an insight about the various aspects of supply compass management and operational management and also the important strategies involved. It also explains the immensity of managing the suppl y chain in the business perspective.vBefore proceeding further its important for us to know what supply chain is and what supply chain is about?Supply chain In an industrialized or non-industrialized society goods are physically moved from production area to the service area. This exchange takes seat when there is discrepancy between the amount and type of goods available and the goods needed. If there is surplus amount of goods in organisation that someone else needs, becomes a basis for exchange. This gives salary increase to channels where there is an exchange between producers and consumers. The alignment of firms that bring products and services to market is called supply chain.

Fear in One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest and The Scarlet Letter :: comparison compare contrast essays

One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest and The Scarlet Letter To make love With Fear   To live with fear and not be overcome by it is the final test of maturity. This test has been "taken" by various literary characters. knob Bromden in Ken Keseys One Flew over the Cuckoos Nest and Reverend Arthur Dimmesdale in Hawthornes The Scarlet Letter both appear to have taken and passed this test.   It first mark offmed as though the chief was going to fail this test of maturity in the mental ward that he was committed to. He had locked himself up by performing deaf and dumb. He had immense fear of the "Combine," or society, that ruined things and people and treated them like machines, giving orders and controlling them. Soon enough to "save" the Chief, McMurphy arrived. He was lively, and not scared the complete opposite of the Chief. This courage eventually passed on to the Chief. At a meeting, when McMurphy was holding a vote to prove that the pa tients wanted to see the World Series, the Chief voted for it. At first he said that McMurphy controlled his hand. Later on he admitted that it was he who raised it. He even talked to McMurphy one night, and began express emotion at the situation at hand. One day when McMurphy and the Chief tried to help another patient who was being taken advantage of by orderlies, they were caught and sentenced to electro-shock therapy (EST). The Chi usually blacked out in a fog when confronted with problems however, this time (he had endured over 200 EST sessions previously) he did not. However, McMurphy was deteriorating, and the two seemed to be reversing positions. McMurphy eventually was sentenced to a lobotomy, which left him as a helpless, pathetic person, as the Chief had once been. The Chief now had the courage to put McMurphy out of his misery, despite what the head nurse, Nurse Ratched, the symbol of the commix to the Chief, would do to him. He smothered McMurphy, and af terwards, escaped by lifting the control panel, which McMurphy told him that he could lift but the Chief saw himself as "small," a symbol of his talent against the combine, and breaking a

Fear in One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest and The Scarlet Letter :: comparison compare contrast essays

One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest and The Scarlet Letter To Live With Fear   To live with fear and not be keep down by it is the final test of adulthood. This test has been "taken" by various literary characters. headway Bromden in Ken Keseys One Flew over the Cuckoos Nest and sacred Arthur Dimmesdale in Hawthornes The Scarlet Letter both appear to have taken and passed this test.   It first seemed as though the psyche was going to fail this test of maturity in the mental ward that he was committed to. He had locked himself up by acting deaf and dumb. He had immense fear of the "Combine," or society, that done for(p) things and people and treated them like machines, giving orders and withstandling them. Soon enough to "save" the Chief, McMurphy arrived. He was lively, and not scared the complete opposite of the Chief. This courage in the end passed on to the Chief. At a meeting, when McMurphy was holding a vote to prove that the p atients wanted to see the World Series, the Chief voted for it. At first he express that McMurphy controlled his hand. Later on he admitted that it was he who raised it. He even talked to McMurphy one night, and began laughing at the situation at hand. One day when McMurphy and the Chief tried to help another patient who was being taken advantage of by orderlies, they were caught and sentenced to electro-shock therapy (EST). The Chi usually blacked out in a fog when confronted with problems however, this eon (he had endured over 200 EST sessions previously) he did not. However, McMurphy was deteriorating, and the two seemed to be reversing positions. McMurphy eventually was sentenced to a lobotomy, which left him as a helpless, pathetic person, as the Chief had once been. The Chief now had the courage to put McMurphy out of his misery, despite what the head nurse, Nurse Ratched, the symbol of the combine to the Chief, would do to him. He smothered McMurphy, and after wards, escaped by lifting the control panel, which McMurphy told him that he could lift but the Chief saw himself as "small," a symbol of his strength against the combine, and breaking a

Love Me If You Dare †Movie Analysis Essay

Love Me If You Dare is a French love- news report blast that released in 2001. It doesnt have the typical arragement of plot that is comm sole(prenominal) utilize in Hollywod cinema, so this film is categorized as Non-Classical Narative Structured film. The narrative structure itself is engaged with the content of a story and the form used to dictate the story. In order to analyze the narrative structure of Love Me If You Dare, here we are going to discuss more than about what, where, who and how the story is. 1. Where is the story tag?The story takes performting in France. It is not only the language used in this film that can be apply as a understanding to prove, but also many French words that explicitly appear on the scenes. Such as capus that printed on the body of school-bus, and M.Le Directeur that hangs on the door of chief(prenominal)s room.2. What event begins the story?The story begins by depicting a block of cement whose a can of merry-go-round is planted on the flower of it, then the voice of narrator starts playing to explain about the story behind that game.3. Who are the main characters?The main characters are Jullien Janvier, a guy whose mamma has a serious illness and really adored to play game-or-dare with his merry-go-round can and Sophie Kowalsky, a naughty girl that always enjoys to play game-or-dare with Jullien through years.4. What meshing do they face?The negate begins when both of Jullien and Sophie grow older and they have been realized by people around them that epoch has changed it is not a time to do such a childish game anymore. Jullien has to pass an exam, Sophie too. The last time they resonate each other, Sophie forces Jullien to harbor that the feeling they have is not only game, but Jullien refuses his own feeling.However, Julliens life after that goes much easier than Sophies. Hebecomes a success youg executive (proven by his vehicle and suits), while Sophie becomes a wait in a cafe, and also has to deal wit h many junk guys. They finally meet again for over four years promise not to see each other. Jullien comes with the gesture of proposing Sophie, but actually what hes done is asking Sophies permission to marry another woman. Thats when the story begins more complicated.5. What happens to the character as they face conflict?Jullien fails to marry with the woman he choose because Sophie comes and messes it up. Jullien is angry, then he tries to kill Sophie by asking her to stand in the middle of railway. Sophie can survive herself and shes angry to Jullien in return. They agree not to see each other again in ten years.6. Who wins the conflict?In a particular time when Jullien and Sophie decide to separate, each of them tries to have their own life. But when the ten years has come to an end, they prepare themselve to see each other. From this scene, the audience can infer that none of them are win or lose the conflict. Because it reaveals that they actually miss, and still need each ot her.7. What reward do they acquire?After getting unite and admitting that actually they made for each other, they decide to live togeteher forever by sinking theirself into flan mud of cement, so that they will be statued forever.8. How is the major conflict in the story set up?Stressing how important the game for Jullien and Sophie showing that much things is need to be thought seriously by the goes of the time Julliens dad refusal towards Sophie major conflict begins.9. How are the main character introduced?Jullien as the first speaker and narrator introduces who are around him10. How is the story moved along so that the characters must inevitably facethe films central conflict? Condition forces them to separate Jullien changes in the first opposition after four years Sophie tries to make Jullien be her again fails Jullien hates her Jullien tries to kill her they hate each other.11. How is the dramatic confrontation set up as the film draws to its close? Jullien and Sh ophie hate each other emptyness while they are apart problems with their ow wife/husband appear12. How does the film resolve most of the major conflicts set up at the outset? They prepare a meeting after ten years Sophie traps Jullien thing beyond their control happens Jullien traps Sophie back they reveal and admit their feeling.

Effective Habits Worksheet Essay

Review Phoenix Career Plan results of Career Plan Building Activity Work finis Preference, respond to the following in 50 to 100 words each1.Describe your ideal study environment.My ideal study environment has to be in a quit and organized place. I like to listen to soft houseical music in the background period I study. My dominant intelligences is Visual, Verbal, and Interpersonal. Learning while I listen to music helps me focus. Having my desk organized, I spend less eon digging through files and books to find the information I need for my analyse.2.List some of the distractions that readiness hinder your study progress or your performance in an online classroom.There are few distractions that provoke hinder anyones studying progress. With the online classroom, you need to go on the profits. There are many interesting pop-up ads and web site that provide get your attention. Social community web sites such as Facebook john also distract your studying habit. The internet s kunk be helpful in many ways, but it can also hinder your studying progress.3.What actions can you take to manage and eliminate distractions?The best way to eliminate distractions is to set your homepage to the University of Phoenix web site. You should also bock any pop-up advertisement through internet options settings. Keep your desk organize for you to easily locate the things near your surroundings. This leave alone help you focus on the subject your studying.4.How provide you apply your personal learning elbow room? How does your personal Learning style affect your study habits?After finding out my VARK score, this gave me the best way for me to learn using different strategies. I pay back learned that I am better with Visual learning strategies. I will be much focused with underlining my notes, use symbols, charts, or graphs to display my notes. This will be more effectual and going back to my notes will help me remember the lesson I have learned.5.List 5 effective stud y strategies from this week that you will use. Explain why you selected them and why they are effective strategies for online learning.1.Making studying into a part of my mundane routine. Even with the reside schedule that I have, having it as my daily routine will allow me to go online and follow my syllabus and stay on track with my learning habit. This is also effective for online learners because, it is self-studies and you need to manage your season wisely to achieve your success. Your professors are not there to check up on you daily.2.Collaborate with others will help me with the cause of the topics. They can provide with the ideas that I harbourt thought of. Going into the discussion form, you can chat with others and express your own opinions to get feedbacks. This will help the online learns since they are not in the class room environment.3.Trying to get more sleep daily. This is something I really focused this week. Sleeping will reduce your stress level and help yo u focus more on the topic. Online learners might be busy with their schedules. This is something they all should consider. It will improve your personal as well.4.Following a regular exercise program is something I am going to try. Exercising is also related to stress level. It is very difficult to focus when you are stressed. The best way to release stress is to exercise. Exercise will help everyone who are studying online.5.Getting a tutor will be something I will use later in the difficult courses. With my current busy schedule, it is very difficult keeping up with the subjects. Having a tutor will help me with the things I missed. This will help the online learners in the same way that I did.6.Identify one change you can make immediately to increase the effectiveness of your study habits. Explain how this will help you become more effective.Making studying into a part of my daily routine will be the most effective way to increase the effectiveness of my studying. Set myself with a fixed time schedule and always committed to the studying schedules, As long as I follow the schedule well, this will change my daily routine and I will always make an appointment around my studying time.7.How does your personal learning style relate to your ideal workplace and your personal work competencies?With my personal learning style, I am likely to gain more from visual, verbal, and interpersonal environment. With my work culture, I am better with teamwork centered and leadership intensive. This relates to my interpersonal skills and I share information with others and teach the information as well. This can also relate to my competencies strengths. I have well organizing skills which tells me that it also relates to my personal learning style,8.How is understanding your ideal learning environment applicable to selecting your ideal workplace?Understanding you ideal learning environment, you will have the knowledge how to make it more effective and how to learn in a stress free environment. Everyone has a different ways to learn. Once you have mastered how to effectively study with you learning habit, you can look for a position which will allow you to work more effectively and produce the most profit for the company.

The Painted Veil – Presentation Note

Lift Not The Painted Veil Which Those Who Live Lift not the painted veil which those who snappy Call Life though unreal shapes be pictured thither, And it scarcely mimic all we would believe With colours idly spread,behind, lurk Fear And Hope, repeat Destinies who ever weave Their shadows, oer the chasm, sightless and drear. I knew one who had lifted ithe sought, For his lost heart was tender, things to sexual love, But found them not, alas nor was there vigor The world contains, the which he could approve. Through the unheeding me precise he did move, A splendour among shadows, a bright blot Upon this gloomy scene, a Spirit that stroveFor truth, and akin the Preacher found it not. Percy Bysshe Shelley Charlie Townsend Post married British vice consul = smart, sensible and he knows very well of whats going on evidence afterwardwards walter walked international when he first found them in pussys room, kitty was so panic but townsend knows that Dr. Fane will do nth. To cause any scandal when hes discussing about the dealing with strikes(walkouts)/ boycotts in Shanghai with businessmen in the Colony Club, he banned the suggestion of seeking suffice from Chiang Kai-Shek as he knew that hes a nationalist that must stand on the side of Chinese, he will not help them suppressing the strike. age and experienced charwoman-hunter , very dissolute person and hes unfaithful to his wife Evidence flirted kitty from the very first moment theyve met when theyre observance the Chinese opera ?Telling kitty what happened to the actor in the opera which he rallys that it may be similar to Kitty (she weeps for the lively, vivacious girl she at a time was? the lonely woman she has sprain she weeps for the love shell never feel, for the love shell never give) to flirt Kitty ? made Kitty believes that he understands her, admire her ? Charlie Townsend found it so easy to get hold of her As described by Waddington he had his little flirtations +As described by Doroth y the women who fell for her husband were so consistently second-rate ? even his wife knows that her husband is a gallant/licentious/dissolute person that flirts many women +having an affair with Kitty? adultery, he solo sees Kitty as his mistress to satisfy his physical needs (attachment lever) Dorothy is to a greater extent important to him because whatever happens, we must try to keep Dorothy out of it ? did not want to harm Dorothy and nth in the world could induce him to divorce herWomen are always under the impression that men love them more that they really do. train lecture = selfish, vain and incapable of caring for anyone but himself Care for his reputation/ job/ post do you have any idea of the importance of my station here? at that time, therell be many rumors that ruin the reputation of a man if anyone divorce his wife and marry another woman. Therefore he cares more about his reputation, his position than what will happen on Kitty if he does not marry her, as Ki tty is on the button someone means very little to him.Film language =a person who made false promise Evidence sent kitty a ring as a dower RING symbolize love, faith and commitment. He proclaimed that he loves Kitty when he was having kindle with Kitty, actually he does not love her, its just a way to flirt Kitty and make Kitty willing to continue the affair with him. promised that he would help solve the problem when Kitty was squeeze to be divorced. After 5 years, at last, he still did nth, not even a letter to show his concern. I should have writtenFilm language Why Townsend treat Kitty as close as 5 years ago when he later met her in London? =the only one that failed to change in the film He never learn from any experience or errors that he has made Besides, he does not think that he had done sth wrong? does not feel sorry /guilty for breaking Kittys marriage He tried to ascertain Kitty again in his later few weeks in London (to see if therere any more chances for him to flirt kitty again, kindred 5 years ago) described by Kitty no one important 0th century that artists began to use it fully a pipe would stand for rumination and calm the cigarette symbolized modernity, strength and youth, but also nervous anxiety the cigar was a sign of authority, wealth and power. The decades following World War II, during the apex of skunk when the practice had still not come under fire by the growing anti- sens movement, a cigarette casually tucked between the lips represented the unfledged rebel, epitomized in actors ilk Marlon Brando and James Dean or mainstays of advertising like the Marlboro Man.It was not until the 1970s when the negative aspects of smoking began to appear the unhealthy lower-class loser, paint a picture of cigarette smoke and lack of motivation and drive, especially in art inspired or commissioned by anti-smoking campaigns. Literature Just as in other types of fiction, smoking has had an important place in literature and smokers are often portrayed as characters with great individuality, or outright eccentrics, something typically personified in one of the most iconic smoking literary figures of all, Sherlock Holmes.Other than being a frequent part of short stories and novels, smoking has spawned endless eulogies, praising its qualities and affirming the authors indistinguishability as a devoted smoker. Especially during the late 19th century and early 20th century, a panoply of books with titles like Tobacco Its History and associations (1876), Cigarettes in fact and Fancy (1906) and Pipe and Pouch The Smokers Own Book of Poetry (1905) were written in the UK and the US.The titles were written by men for other men and contained general tidbits and poetical musings about the love for tobacco and all things related to it, and frequently praised the refined bachelors life. The Fragrant Weed Some of the Good Things Which Have been Said or call about Tobacco, published in 1907, contained, among many others, the following lines from the poem A Bachelors Views by Tom Hall that were typical of the attitude in many of the books The tail of My Lady Nicotine A Study in Smoke (1896) by J. M. Barrie, otherwise best known for his play Peter Pan. So let us drinkTo her, but think Of him who has to keep her And sans a wife Lets spend our life In bachelordom, its cheaper. Eugene Umberger68 These works were all published in an era before the cigarette had become the dominant form of tobacco consumption and pipes, cigars and chewing tobacco were still commonplace. Many of the books were published in novel packaging that would attract the learned smoking gentleman. Pipe and Pouch came in a leather bag resembling a tobacco pouch and Cigarettes in Fact and Fancy (1901) came bound in leather, box in an imitation cardboard cigar box.By the late 1920s, the publication of this type of literature largely abated and was only sporadically revived in the later 20th century. 69 Cigarettes in old films were e arly forms of product placement 5. Cigarettes as Phallic Symbols Back during the Hays Code days, cigarettes were clever devices used as metaphoric hints at sexual activity. When characters shared out cigarettes, such as in Now, Voyager, To Have and Have Not and Rope, it implied a sex act. When Marlene Dietrich held a cigarette in any of her films, the prop was a phallic symbol implicit in projecting an image of bisexuality.And ironically, in a film as explicit as 9 ? Weeks, a cigarette may have been a required stand-in for Mickey Rourkes penis during a strip-tease scene, because male nudity continues to be a taboo while the sensitive female body is common on the big screen. However, not all cigarettes in films represent sex and/or phallus, but due to the heavy workout of the prop in such a way for so many years, its hard for moviegoers (particularly those of us with film studies degrees) to think of them as anything but sex symbols.Fortunately, Hollywood is being forced to censo r out cigarettes from their movies (for even featuring a pack of cigarettes), and meanwhile they continue to break sexual taboos at the same time. So this cliche is likely to go way very soon. Friendship Since friendship is not a very important issue in the Painted Veil, Compared to love and expiry, Ill just talk about the more significant one. = kitty and Waddington At the very first beginning Then At the end = Dr Fane and Colonel Yu When Colonel Yu met Walter, Then, after At the end =Kitty and sung chingAt first, Sung Ching was appointed by Colonel Yu to protect Kitty due to the anti-foreigner atmosphere in china, kitty felt like she was guard as a prisoner Then, she started to reject Sun Chings protection and treat him badly when she was finding Mr. Waddington for mailing the letter, tell him to go away and she does not need him At the climax of the anti-foreigner movement, Sun Ching saved Kitty and Walter from the crowd, on the next day, kitty then ask Sun Ching to come with he r friendly. Mei-tan-fu primer coat info = a closure mad up by the author, not a real village (at first ? lanned to build a new village of Mei-tan-fu in Guangxi, however, the cost is too huge and overwhelming ? sent a scout to find a village for the film ? found a only untouched village = Huang Yao 800 years history untouched because theres no telegraph poles or anything else to contact people in other places? consummate(a) for shooting The rivers and mountains shoots are taken from Huang Yao, its from Guangxi > on-location (means the film is shot at the actual place where the action occurs) Mei-tan fu is a place with many significance in the film, please pick one to and explain why.Significances = new home of the Fanes = the place where death rest Chinese villagers/ walter/ kitty seeing two muds + colour of lights initiative the corpse of a villager pass a wide the same road of Kitty and Walters sadden chairs 2nd the hut where kitty and walter stays the doll on the bed of kittys room Walter I wont touch that if I were you, they may have died in that bed 3rd the corpse of a villager on the side of the road when Kitty walked out from Mr, Waddingtons house 4th the bodies are buried too close to the river th the death of Sister Maryse 6th the soldiers removing corpses from the villagers house 7ththe death of walter =a place for reunion -kitty and walter=a place where they fall in love again beforehand the union, Walter and Kitty were separated spiritually due to the affair . /. kitty and charlie How after kitty had heard from the nuns about Walter helping the orphans? stating to know that he is a level-headed man and wants to improve their relationship.After Walter had seen Kitty playing with the orphans, he started to have better feelings for Kitty After the union, their relationship has been recovered, they even have sex after tipsiness with Mr. Waddington and XX. Then they travel on the boat to let Kitty visit the water XX. =changes brought by ch olera(+ve and -ve) kitty(+ve)/ walter(+ve &-ve)/ colonel yu(+ve) Described by Kitty- no place for a woman madness for me to go Described by Dr. Fane small town on a tributary of Yangtze River, in the interior Film language colour of light, long shot,

Provisions And Contingencies Essay

Under IFRSs IAS 37, a provision is recognized for a legal or constructive compact arising from a past event, if there is a probable (more likely than not) outflow of resources and the amount can be estimated reliably (IAS 37.14). In contrast, according to FASB ASC 450-20-25-2, a accident (provision) is recognized if it is probable (likely) that a liability has been incurred and the amount is reasonably estimated. Scenario 1(1) Under IFRSs According to IAS 37.22, the contamination of the land gives rise to a legal arrangement for Energy because it is virtually accredited the legislation that requires plunderup will be enacted. Also, it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required. Thus, a provision is recognized for the trump out estimate of the equals of the cleanup. (2) Under US GAAP In the context of environmental cure liabilities, it is probable that a liability has been incurred if an assessment related to a environment law has been asserted on or before the financial statements are issued and it is probable that the outcome will be unfavorable (FASB ASC 410-30-25-4). It is virtually certain that the draft law that requires cleanup will be enacted shortly after the year-end. Thus, a liability/contingency is recognized for the reasonably estimate the cleanup costs. Scenario 2(1) Under IFRSs The land contamination gives rise to a constructive obligation because the conduct of the entity has created a valid expectation in other parties that the entity will clean up the contamination (IAS 37.17). Also, it is probable that payments are required. Thus, a provision is recognized for the best estimate of the cleanup costs. (2) Under US GAAP An environmental remediation liability should be recognized if an entity is a potentially responsible party to clean up the contamination and the entity has a record to determine that it is associated with the site (ASC 410-30-25-15). Thus, a liability/contingency is recognized for the best estimate of the c leanup costs. Scenario 3(1) Under IFRSs Under IAS 37.81, a restructuring provision does not include retraining or relocating staff costs because these expenditures relate to the future conduct of the business and are not liabilities for restructuring at the end of the reporting period. No retraining staff cost has taken place

Criminal Law 2009 Exam Paper

THIS PAPER IS NOT TO BE REMOVED FROM THE EXAMINATION HALLS UNIVERSITY OF LONDON 265 0010 ZA 269 0010 ZA 277 0101 ZA DIPLOMA IN LAW LLB EXAMINATION for External Students INTERMEDIATE EXAMINATION (Scheme A) primary AND SECOND YEAR EXAMINATIONS (Scheme B) GRADUATE ENTRY LEVEL I (Route A) GRADUATE ENTRY FIRST YEAR (Route B) BSc DEGREES for External Students MANAGEMENT WITH LAW, LAW WITH MANAGEMENT, ACCOUNTING WITH LAW AND LAW WITH ACCOUNTING FOR STUDENTS IN THE EXTERNAL PROGRAMME Criminal Law Wednesday 13 may 2009 10. 00 1. 15 pmCandidates will stick out fifteen minutes during which they may read the paper and make rough nones ONLY in their answer books. They then have the remaining THREE HOURS in which to answer the questions. Candidates should answer FOUR of the following EIGHT questions. Candidates should answer all parts of a question unless otherwise stated. University of capital of the United Kingdom 2009 UL09/806 Page 1 of 4 1. Under what circumstances may a person be crimi nally liable for a failure to act? 2. (a) Could the cerebrate in the cases of Roberts (1971) and Williams and Davis (1992) be said to conflict with that in the case of Blaue (1975)? b) Anna stabbed Iqbal. Iqbal was seriously injured. He was taken to hospital and placed on a life-support machine. whizz night, an intensivecare nurse, Norah, who hated money being wasted on expensive lifesupport machinery and without being authorised to do so, switched off the life support machine. Iqbal died. Consider Annas and Norahs asser bow criminal liability for murder. 3. Fred and Marcus had fought because Marcus was angry with Fred for having carved the letter F on to Livias ramification using a penknife. Livia is Marcuss 14year-old daughter, who begged Fred to do this as she was in love with him.Fred had reluctantly agreed. The wound was not serious, although it did require one stitch. Fred and Marcus decided to settle their differences by having a fight. Fred punched Marcus, knocking him o ver and causing him to fracture his skull. Fred ran out-of-door when the police were called. As Fred was making his way home, a beggar, Beryl, who was carrying a baby in her arms, approached him and asked him for money to feed the baby. This incensed Fred who hated beggars. He sprayed after-shave cologne water in Beryls face causing her to drop the baby which bruised it slightly.The police then caught up with Fred. PC honker tried to arrest him. Fred pushed PC Bill out of the way in an attempt to dismount away, causing PC Bill to stagger. In an effort to save himself from falling, PC Bill put his arm out and pushed it through a shop window, sustaining severe cuts to his arm. Discuss the possible criminal liability of Fred. UL09/806 Page 2 of 4 4. Egor, who had a history of notion and schizophrenia, and his wife Irina were eating in a restaurant. Egor was taking medication for his condition and was therefore not drinking alcohol.He was trying to reassure Irina who had received t hreatening letter from her ex-husband Alexey. All of a sudden, Alexey, who was very drunk, burst into the restaurant and stormed over to Egor and Irinas table shouting You stole my wife You must die Egor was alarmed. He picked up the heavy water jug from the table and threw it at Alexey. It hit Alexey on the head and he fell to the base of operations, unconscious. The sight of Alexey lying on the floor enraged Egor as he remembered the letters Alexey had sent to Irina.He was also worried that Alexey might wake up and kill him. He repeatedly kicked Alexey who died of a fractured skull earlier an ambulance could be called. Discuss Egors criminal liability. 5. Self-induced intoxication is never accepted by the courts as an excuse for committing an offence. Discuss. 6. On her way out from her workplace, jennet nominate ? 50 which she used to buy a pair of shoes to go with the gown she had bought for her firms centenary ball. She later overheard someone in her authorisation saying that they had lost ? 0 but she did not return the money. While chatting to her colleagues, she discovered that her firm had set up a fund to contribute ? nose candy towards the cost of a ballgown for each female worker who could demonstrate financial hardship. Although, initially, she did not apply for this, as she had already bought her gown and was not in financial difficulties, after hearing that all of her female colleagues intended to do so, whether or not they had already purchased their gowns, she applied for the money stating that she was in financial difficulties.She thought it was likely alright as she knew that none of her colleagues was in financial difficulties either. She did not get the money as, by the time her application was received, she was told the fund had been spent. On the day of the ball, Jenny went to the hairdressers which was offering a 20% discount to students. She had borrowed her sisters student union card which she showed to the receptionist and ob tained the discount. When she arrived at her house, Jenny noticed that her next door neighbours were having a delivery of shopping.She had forgotten to buy anything for her lunch and was hungry and so, hoping they would not mind, took a microwave meal from one of the shopping bags, putting ? 5 through their letter box. Consider Jennys possible criminal liability. UL09/806 Page 3 of 4 7. Antoine enjoyed dressing up as a woman and so every Sunday he wore his sisters clothes and called himself Antoinette. One Sunday, at his local pub, a visitor to the area, Geezer, starting chatting to him. Very quickly Antoine visualized that Geezer thought he very was a woman and was sexually interested in him.Antoine did not tell Geezer the truth as Geezer was rather rough and Antoine was a little nervous of him. What Antoine did not know, however, was that Geezer was even more interested in Antoines Cartier watch which he thought would make a nice gift for his wife. He told Geezer that he was goi ng to mill his nose and took himself off to the mens lavatory to think about how he was going to get away from Geezer. Geezer, however, came into the lavatory and was shocked to see Antoinette there. As he came to realise what was going on, he became extremely angry at having been fooled.He ripped off Antoines clothes and forcibly penetrated him with a bar of soap. He then held Antoine down while he removed his watch. He put it in his pocket and ran off. Antoine, who was, by now, very distressed, put his clothes back on and left the pub. He thought a cup of tea might make him feel better and so went into a coffee bar where he ordered tea and toast. When he offered to pay, he was told that a bill would be brought to his table and that he should pay the cashier at the door as he left the cafe. When he had finished, he left the cafe without having paid.He was subsequently diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder and claims that he did not know what he was doing when he left the cafe. Consider the possible criminal liability of Antoine and Geezer. 8. Priya and her twin brother Dipak both aged 16 hated their next door neighbour, Hans. He swore at them if they made a noise and they were convinced that he spied on them and describe everything they did to their parents who were abroad. They decided that it was time to teach Hans a lesson and that Dipak would break into Hans house and give Hans a fright while Priya unploughed watch outside.The following night, while Priya kept watch, Dipak entered Hans house dressed as a skeleton, using a spare come across he had found under a flowerpot. He put the key back once he had opened the front door. On his way to Hans bedroom he spotted a ? 20 note on the table and decided to take it. He then went into Hans bedroom, gently climbed on to the end of the bed and started vigorously jumping up and down shouting Were coming to get you Hans woke up and was so terrified he had a heart attack and died instantly. Consider the possible criminal liability of Dipak and Priya. END OF PAPER UL09/806 Page 4 of 4

Multinational Enterprises (MNE)

This paper takes the position that Multinational Enterprises (MNEs) do improve rather than exploit foreign labors working conditions on the constitute that globalization has been get intoed by more countries, and that this must be deemed to have s resulted to more benefits for the histrions of these countries who hopeed these MNEs to come in to their countries.The increasing number of countries who want to join the WTO further proves that MNE could thrive to help the economies and working conditions of many. This paper will support with evidence the above thesis by leaning on the irresponsible view of the coin that it is more plausible for multinationals in particular to do good rather than exploit the working condition of foreign countries.When more countries adopt globalization (Editorial, 2000) as economic strategy by joining the WTO, MNEs argon in effect encouraged to do more of their business across countries. To present otherwise that globalization will discourage MNE is simply against theory and human experience. If WTO has the objective of less restricted economic ties among members, more trade investment repose is also expected.This would be consistent with what BIAC (2003) claimed that trade and investment liberalization foster economic growth, creates wealth and improves labor conditions, and will also end up in a better division of labor between countries based on comparative advantage. Liberalization will in turn promote a concentre on productivity improvement, management skills and facilitates integrated links to markets (BIAC, 2003) since globalization encourages the growth of foreign direct investment (Kumar N. and Pradhan J.P., 2002).Countries that have more MNEs have resulted to more benefits for the workers of state countries. The existence of MNE in different countries as evidenced by more foreign direct investments (Hansen H. and Rand J. ,2004) are also proofs of continuing trust of host governments for the near effects of MNEs in terms of more trade opportunities and better life movement of those working in MNEs than their local counterparts.Given these two arguments and their corresponding proofs opposing persons of globalization have their criticism as discussed below.It is being claimed by people who oppose globalization that multinational national enterprises exploit labor in unequal countries. Bhagwati (2005) mentioned the occurrence that anger has been aroused by the supposition that rich, deep-pocketed corporations pay un proficient or inadequate wages to their workers outside their home country and that these MNE are even brand as labor rights violators (Bhagwati, 2005). The line argument of the critics is centered on the assertion that that if a certain branded product sells for $200 in New York, the egg-producing(prenominal) worker or laborer abroad who sews it and for which the MNE paid only 60 cents an hour, exploitation was already believed to be found.A reasonable mind would readily take i n the flaw in the argument as there was no forcing on the part of the MNE to have the female laborer to do the work at 60 cents per hour. It was a free market where a typical entrepreneur would like to produce a product at a lower cost. If the business entity is not an MNE, would there be no exploitation also? The critics argument simply appears faulty in the crucible of common sense. Could it be that MNE which stomach move its goods across countries that solidifies the exploitation? Said argument would be faulty as well since it must be do clear that the MNE still has to turn over transportation cost, distribution cost and even tariff duties in bringing the goods from third world country to the United States.To further prove the lack of chastity of the claim that MNEs pay their workers only minimal wages, Bhagwati (2005) cited a recent study of the profits performance of more than two hundred companies in the 1999 Fortune worldwide 500 list which a very minimal profit on forei gn assets of only 8.3. This means that the foreign companies may just be earning just same or a little above their cost of capital.In countries where there are strong political and economic risks, the 8.3 % could should still be trim back by inflation factor and this could make it lower than the price of just simply making investment in the US treasury bills which ranges just about 4 to 5%. It is therefore very hard to see the evidence of exploitation if the it meant the huge profit despite against low labor costs in myopic countries.Another evidence cited on wage payments were on good empirical studies that have been conducted in Bangladesh, Mexico, Shanghai, Indonesia, Vietnam, and else where these studies revealed that that multinationals actu ally pay an average wage that is above the passing rate in the area where these MNE are located. It was also found that affiliates of some U.S. multinationals pay a higher rate over local wages that ranges from about forty to a hundred (Bhagwati ,2005).In another cited Bhagwati, (2005) cited confirmatory result from that of the economist Paul Glewwe, using Vietnamese household data for 1997-98, Glewwe found that workers in foreign-owned enterprises generally make almost twice the salary of the average worker employed by a local Vietnamese company.What comes out of the comparison made by critics on wages simply misread that needed to be compared. Comparing the salary of a worker in the US with the counterpart worker in another of less economic status is simply faulty. A better comparison is to be made by comparing the life style of an MNE worker than its counter part local worker since the advantage or disadvantage could only be felt in said place. This was seems to be good example of Glewwe finding when the economist pointed out that 1990s increases in Vietnams household income using per capita consumption expenditures as basis of measurement were above the average increases for all Vietnamese households. (Bhagwa ti,2005)There are also accusations that global corporations violate labor rights. Bhagwati(2005) reported that case of where anti-globalization activists having sometimes made and announced lie as in the case of IKEA which was accused of exploitative child labor by its suppliers but was latter found by a German film which has documented that the insult was simply create by activists. (Bhagwati ,2005). Added to the example of faking by activist was the claim that the chocolate sold in rich countries relies on slave labor by children in the cocoa plantations of the Ivory Coast where is found that the stories and charges were false.A more objective analysis of the claims and their arguments would reveal the weakness of these claims against MNE. The lack of employment opportunities for poor countries has truly the government of these poor countries to open up their economies. Opening up their economies allow their labor laws to be flexible enough to allow Mens to blast in the global market (Samuelson and Nordhaus, 1992).To conclude, there is basis to uphold the thesis of this paper as we have proven that the arguments claimed by those who oppose globalization are bereft of evidence or some of these evidences may have been manufactured to their own arguments. Multinational enterprises do not impose their entry upon other poor countries as they are being invited to come into by the other countries act joining the WTO. Such voluntary joining will carry the presumption that these MNE promotes employment generation and help in the economic growth of the countries opening up their economies rather exploit the working conditions of said countries.ReferencesAdewumi (2006) The Impact of FDI on Growth in Developing Countries an African Experience, entanglement document URL www.diva-portal.org/diva/getDocument?urn_nbn_se_hj_diva-711-1__fulltext.pdf, Accessed June 6, 2007Bhagwati, J. (2005) Do Multinational Corporations Hurt Poor Countries? Www document URL, http//www.tae mag.com/issues/articleid.18014/article_detail.asp, Accessed June 6, 2007 duty and Industry consultive Committee to the OECD (BIAC), (2003) G8 Labor and Employment Ministers Conference Growth and Employment The Future of an Active Society in a Changing World Statement of the Business and Industry Advisory Committee to the OECD (BIAC), Stuttgart, Germany, December 14-16, 2003, www document URL http//www.biac.org/statements/elsa/Final_2003_G8_Stuttgart_BIAC_Statement.pdf, Accessed June 6, 2007Editorial (2000) Merged with Tide of Economic Globalization, Peoples Daily Online, www document URL http//english.people.com.cn/english/200002/01/eng20000201A106.html, Accessed June 6, 2007Hansen H. and Rand J. (2004) on the casual link between FDI and growth in developing countries. Discussion papers, Institute of Economics, University of Copehagen. DenmarkKumar N. and Pradhan J.P. (2002) Foreign direct investment, outwardness and economic growth in developing countries Some empirical exploratio ns and implications for WTO negotiations on investment Research and information system, New Delhi India.Samuelson and Nordhaus (1992), Economics, McGraw-Hill, Inc, London, UK

Ebooks & libraries Essay

Ebooks are now becoming more popular in libraries as sustain by two recent conferences the capital of West Virginia Conference and London Online. This is because library users find it more convenient to use ebooks as compared to printed sources. John Barnes of Cengage announce to the Charleston audience that their users prefer electronic though they still sell more print than electronic reference. In line with this, he believed that libraries have to move sudden away from print reference so as to meet the growing demand for ebooks.He also added that the cost per use of the print collection was 5 times greater than the electronic collection. The demand for e-reference books, including dictionaries, almanacs, encyclopedias, and handbooks, continued to rise since it had been included in library systems. In view of this, the presenters showed some issues that were to be addressed, particularly monitor the usage of scholarly monographs. Peter Shep demanding of Project COUNTER said that the COUNTER to be installed in many libraries will be of great help in usage reporting. Currently, there are eight libraries that use the system.Ebooks experienced high use despite little promotion. Compared to printed references, ebooks squeeze out be more profitable since it can be sold directly to students and libraries. For now, ebook usage are undergoing intensive studies as to how it will work. However, since there are many different types of ebooks, researchers are having a hard time identifying usage patterns. Nevertheless, ebooks are available in libraries for use in research, reference, and more.LIST OF REFERENCES Tenopir, C. (2008). Ebooks Arrive. Library Journal, 133(2)25, January 2

Philosophy of Counseling Essay

The purpose of the crop counseling program is to plight academic, social, and professional success among all learners. discipline counseling is s collaborative relationship between students, school exponents, teachers, pargonnts, administrators, and the community. Through these partnerships, the counseling program will develop a support system to enhance student achievement and promote growth of future productive citizens. The role of the school proponent is very active.School counselors must be an assertive advocate by creating opportunities for all students to foster their dreams and achieve their goals. A consecrated counselor plays a major role in the school through research, data, collaboration, individual counseling, group counseling, course planning, and caring for the students overall well being. The school counselor serves as a leader and team process working with parents and school personnel to make sure that each student succeeds. Human nature go off be viewed as all individuals are considered equally good.People are creatures of habit and learn from their heathenish upbringings and the ones around them. Now days, students deal with poverty, single-parent households, thoughts of suicide, neglect, abuse and so much more. In this complex society, it is necessary to offer learning experiences which will empower the child to overcome life challenges and set realizable goals. Goals can be reached by change. I feel an individual can change through awareness and influence. Students have to emergency to change and be aware that there is a need for change.The role of the professional school counselor is to support and influence the student. Change is achievable by traceing data and giving constructive feedback. The counselor will assist student in their academic, social, emotional and personal change and help to decide the take up ways to successfully achieve their goals. Disaggregating data is the foundation for the school counseling program. The use of these resources will track student progress and provide evidence for growth. Data also helps the school counselor understand what is and is not working in the counseling program.If a student is not successful then we are not providing the correct interventions for that particular student. The changing needs of students, families and schools require professional school counselors who are current with forward-looking counseling programs. These programs must focus of students academic, career, and personal/ social needs. I feel as society changes that the students are setting the new goals for the counseling program. It is essential for the school counselor to foster and set realistic achievable goals for the student.

Media Impacts on Children’s Rights Essay

tiddler malignment suffers roughly population a vision of the faults and blunders of the society. tiddler mistreatment is one of the most common crimes pull in the present. As for the Philippines, one can find vital statistics to certain crimes at the Bantay Bata 163 website (http//www.abs-cbn.com/bantaybata163). According to the part of Social Welf ar and Development (DSWD), 6,494 cases of babe ab habituate were reported for the year of 2006 alone. Indeed, the government and certain non-government organizations moldiness deal with these incidents of pip-squeak execration incidently the caboodle media.This penning examines the role of the media in relation to boor yell and chela protection and argues that the media absorb been essential to the task of placing the paradox of chela debase in the minds of the public and on the political agenda.THE MASS MEDIAAccording to YourDictionary.com, big money Media is those means of communication that r apiece and lick large plays of people, especiall(a)y newspapers, popular magazines, wireless, and picture. Mass Media atomic chip 18 those media that are created to be consumed by spacious number of population worldwide and also a direct contemporary instrument of mass communication. Nonetheless, Mass Media is considered as the fourth estate of the society as intimately. It is the fourth branch of the government. It is the voice and weapon of the people and the society as whole.Mass media has divers(a) purposes, archetypal is for entertainment, traditionally through with(predicate) performances of flecking, music, and sports, along with light edition besides when since the late 20th pennyury it can also be through video and electronic computer games. Next is for public assistance announcement which is intended to modify public attitudes by raising sentience just about specific issues like health and safety. And lastly is for advocacy. This can be forboth business and companionable con cerns. This can include advertising, marketing, propaganda, public relations and political communication.MEDIA AND HUMAN RIGHTSAs stated by the Secretary- world(a) of the United Nations in 1998, gentle Rights are what reason requires and what conscience commands (Mizuta, 2000). It is comm totally recognized that human declines are firm foundations of human existence and co-existence. It is for these human rights that the United Nations is engaged in securing the basic conditions of deportment, in ensuring peace, development, a safe environment, food, shelter, grooming, participation, equal opportunities and protection against intolerance in any form.The Preamble of the Universal Declaration of tender Rights expicitly states thatevery individual and every organ of the society, keeping this Declaration constatly inmind, shall strive by principle education to farm respect for these rights and freedom (Hamelink, 2000).With this, we can say that all (including different instituti ons) are responsible in promoting human rights.Mass media present the opportunity to communicate to large numbers of people and to target particular groups of people. As observed by Gamble and Gamble (1999), mass communication is significantly different from an separate(prenominal) forms of communication. They note that mass communication has the capacity to r distributively simultaneously many thousands of people who are not related to the sender. It depends on technical devices or machines to quickly distribute messages to diverse listenings ofttimes unkn deliver to each other. Thus, media in relation to human rights shows a exceptional characteristic in promoting it.CHILD ABUSEIn the United States, the Centers for Disease Control and Pr dismantletion (CDC) define nipper contumely as any act or serial of acts of commission or omission by a parent or other caregiver that results in harm, potential for harm, or threat of harm to a chela.The physical outcry, sexual abuse, arou sed abuse, and neglect of fryren have a long recorded history. In the mid to late 1800s, it was reported that pip-squeakren were often sexually assaulted, that children reported honestly about their abuse, and that the perpetrators of abuse were often the childrens fathers and brothers (Olafsen, Corwin and Summit 1993). Every year, millions of children crosswise the world are becoming innocent helpless targets of atrocities. They are the sufferers of ill-treatment, exploitation, and brutality. They are part of human trafficking to give into prostitution rackets. In terror prone regions, they are kidnapped from their homes and schools and their innocent childhood is forced into the army to determine the brunt of cruelty. They are enforced into debt re jammingion or other kinds of slavery.In Metro Manila, according to Australian study, urbanization and migration al miens increase, children are often forced by circumstances to help their families earn a living. Most roadway child ren are of poor parents who have migrated from rural areas to find better job opportunities in the city, but wish of education renders them ill-equipped to earn or survive in the city. Street children have a pitch-b insufficiency present and an uncertain future. Life in the passage is a constant struggle to overcome the various negative elements that threaten to overtake and destroy the hope for survival. The street child works under the fire up of the sun or in the dark of the night from 6 to 16 hours, seven days a week, often in a combination of occupations each considered their only means to survive.In the cities, neglected and cast outside children find themselves in the streets fending for themselves and open to the various evils of the urban jungle such as drug addiction, crimes and commercial sexual exploitation. barbarianren who are neglected or abandoned are easy prey not only to accidents but to commercial sexual exploitation, drugs, crime and unwanted pregnancies. Incidents of child abuse is still on the arise especiallychild sexual abuse. Also on the rise are reports of physical abuse and maltreatment of children. According to the statistics, there are approximately 40,000 to 50,000 street children of all categories in Metro Manila. Studies conducted reveal that the number of street children range from 2 to 3% of the child and adult population. The national project on street children estimated the number of street children at over 220,000 in 65 major cities as of 1993. There are now about 350 government and non government agencies that are responding to street children and their families.The government has given special focalise on helping street children with programs focused on health and nutrition, educational assistance, parenting sessions, livelihood and skills training, residential care, rear care and adoption. However for as long as there would be squatter colonies sprouting in urban areas and for as long as there are not enough jobs, street children bequeath continue to dominate in the streets. In a 1993 survey of households, some 16% of households surveyed have children down the stairs 12 historic period old who are left unattended with no supervising adult in the house. This translates to one in six households where children are without adult supervision.The consequences of child abuse are overwhelmingly trouble. It denies a child its basic right-education. While violence and abuse pose a threat to their support, it also offers to a greater extent devastating adverse effects on their mental and physical health. Often it leads to homelessness, resulting in increased number of cases of vagrancy giving birth to a feeling of depression. To worsen the scenario, these victims are more likely to abuse their own children in future, thanks to the deep impact on their mind and the cycle will continue forever.though the agony and the plight of these children remain suppressed in silence, the brunt of their exp loitation is very real. Although, the whole world is chastely fuming at the abuse children endure. Yet, protection laws against child abuse commonly meet with confrontation at all strata of society. Like the protection of human rights, child protection can also be effectively promoted through media.MEDIA ON CHILD PROTECTIONThe media have been essential to the growth of societys awareness of child abuse and neglect, not so much from specific union education campaigns as through current news and features reporting on specific cases, research and intervention initiatives (Gough 1996). Media representations are the primary outset of discipline on favorable problems for many people (Hutson and Liddiard 1994). Specifically, it is apparent that the medias conceptualization of children and unripe people, and media reporting on both physical discipline of children and child abuse, is significant in reflecting and defining societys perceptions of children and newfangled people (Frankl in and Horwath 1996), and what is and what is not acceptable behavior towards children.In addition to news stories, feature articles, and investigative journalism, periodic mass media education and legal community campaigns are throwed. These campaigns usually endeavor to broaden community knowledge of child abuse and neglect, to influence peoples attitudes towards children and young people, and to throw behaviors that contribute to, or precipitate, the problem of child abuse and neglect in our communities (Goddard and Saunders, 2002). The constructive use of mass media can assist in teaching children and young people mixerly desirable ways of dealing with conflict, knowledge of their rights to integrity and protection from harm, lusty eating habits and lifestyles, and ways to assert themselves and their rights in a unconditional, acceptable manner.In an Inquiry into the Effects of boob tube and Multimedia on electric razorren and Families in Victoria, Australia, evaluation s of educational television programs, intentional either for pre-schoolers or for older children, have suggested their effectiveness in heightening a range of social behaviors (Friedrich and Stein 1973), diminishing the effects of stereotyping (Johnston and Ettema 1982), increase preparedness for adolescence (Singer and Singer 1994), and stimulating the discussion of solutions to general social issues (Johnston et. al 1993).The Convention of the rights of the child provides for the right of children to access information and material to those that aimed the promotion of his or her rights. (Hamelink, 1999).Therefore, mass media as aprimary source of these information should provide the children proper knowledge of his or her rights. Also, mass media education and prevention campaigns may be designed to target children and young people, providing them with useful information and alerting them to avenues for further information, help and support. Campaigns can also use regular televis ion programs for children. Research suggests that, at least in the short term, television aftermath of such programs may increase childrens and young peoples knowledge and positively change attitudes and behaviors.Unfortunately, longitudinal studies exploring sustained effects are rare and thus inconclusive. It further notes that television is one of the most popular forms of mass communication and entertainment in has been under-utilized as an educative tool, and suggests that perhaps sign up vision has meant that the deliberate use of television simultaneously to entertain and educate has not been panopticy recognized. disrespect this, Postman (1994) has argued that television is rapidly becoming the first curriculum, with educational institutions such as schools following(a) behind.Further, campaigns may be designed to give children and young people an opportunity to express their views on issues that impress them, specifically targeting adult audiences that habitually igno re the views and experiences of children and young people. The UK Childrens Express is one example, as is younker Forum in Melbournes Herald Sun newspaper..Research on the physical punishment of children suggests, for example, that adults may be interested to peck childrens views on the issue of physical discipline, and children interviewed in the research were keen for adults to hear their views. To date, however, the media rarely, if ever, consults children and takes their views into history before reporting on the physical punishment for children (Goddard and Saunders, 2000)MASS MEDIA CAMPAIGNS EVERY CHILD IS central (Australia, May 2000)This primary prevention campaign used a comforting approach and incorporated a significant mass media component (Tucci et. al2001).As outlined in More action less talking Community responses to child abuse prevention (Tucci, et. al 2001), the campaign sought to elicit a dedication from adults to adults to develop safe and non-abusive relati onships with children persuade adults to stop behaving in ways which are harmful to children educate adults about the important postulate of children and better inform adults about the causes and consequences of child abuse.The campaign encouraged all adults to imply and view children as a source of hope represent the developmental variables of children respect the meaning children give to their experiences engage positively with the principles of childrens rights and appreciate more fully the capacities and contribution of children to the cultural and emotional life of families and communities. The campaign also addressed the commonly held belief that children are a cost to society the sensed suspicion that any application of the notion of childrens rights will mean an erosion of parents rights and the publics lack of understanding about the extent and reputation of child abuse in Australia.The campaign continued until the end of 2001. A song, written by Van Morrison and perfo rmed by Rod Stewart, run through I Told You Lately That I Love You, was the focus of a television advertising campaign that aimed to take a crap peoples thoughts about the importance and value of children and how this is communicated to them. Television commercials were backed up by press and radio advertisements. In addition to advertising, the campaign sought media prudence by involving Tracy Bartram, FOX FM radio personality, as an ambassador for the campaign. Media attention was drawn to the campaigns launch. A free information kit up for parents was made available, parents seminar sessions, featuring Michael Grose, were conducted, and a website made readily available to the public. The campaign did not realise state or federal funding but relied heavily on in-kind support from individuals and Victorian businesses.Quantum trade Research monitored the effectiveness of the campaign. InMay 2000 and October 2000 telephone interviews were conducted with a representative sample of 301 adults. Public ventilation of research outcomes formed part of the campaign strategy. Tucci et al. (2001) report that the initial research findings, volt months into the campaign, revealed that Child abuse is as right social problem that is poorly understood by the Victorian public musical composition fifty one per cent of respondents believed the community recognized child abuse as a good social problem and another twenty one per cent believed they accurately understood the extent and nature of child abuse in Australia, this is clearly not the case.Fifty nine per cent were unable even to guess the number of reports of child abuse received annually. Only four per cent of respondents accurately estimated the sizing of the problem. Twenty-nine per cent of respondents underestimated the problem by at least 90,000 reports. The idea that adults can hurt children is disturbing and likely underpins the belief by fifty one per cent of respondents that the community treats this is sue seriously, but when asked to account for the extent to which children are being abused by adults, community awareness is sadly missing.Eighty per cent of respondents strongly supported the need for a campaign against child abuse. Australians Against Child maltreat thus feels cocksure that the Every Child is Important campaign will significantly influence public attitudes and responses to children and to child abuse. current research into the impact of the campaign will in itself be valuable in contributing to the palisade about the educative and cost effectiveness of mass media campaigns aimed at preventing child abuse and neglect. NSPCC Full occluded front Campaign Primary Prevention (United Kingdom, May 1999)It has the ambitious aim of ending cruelty to children within 20 years. Costing three million pounds, it proposes to change attitudes and demeanour towards children, to make it everybodys business to protect children, and to launch new go and approaches (Boztas, 1 999). The campaign is supported by Prince Andrew, popular personalities such as the Spice Girls, the English football star Alan Shearer, and companies such as British Telecom and Microsoft.As Rudaizky (quoted in Hall 1999) exempts, a pictorial theme of the campaign is people covering their eyes The theme of the eyes being cover is about people not facing up to the reality of what is happening. Our intention was not to shock but to move people into doing something about it. Child abuse is not nice to talk about. It is an upsetting exposed but unless we talk about it, we will not end it.This objective highlights the suppression/awareness phenomenon mentioned above, and draws attention again to the need for ongoing rather than intermittent prevention campaigns.FAMILIES University of QueenslandSanders et al. (2000) evaluated Families a 12-part prevention-focused television series designed to provide empirically validated parenting information in an interesting and entertaining form at. The series presented a parenting model, suggesting strategies parents could use with their children. It aimed to reassure parents that it is normal for parenting to be challenging, and it hoped to increase parents confidence that positive changes in childrens behavior were achievable. The series also aimed to increase awareness in the community of the importance of positive family relationships to the positive development of young people (Sanders et al. 2000).This media-based television series was considered to be successful, specifically in relation to its impact on increase the parenting confidence of arrives. However, Sanders et al. (2000) concluded that the impact of the series could have been increased by the strategic provision of service support systems, such as telephone information contact lines or parenting resource centers, which could be announce as part of a coordinated media strategy planned to coincide with the airing of the television program. These services co uld provide information and back-up resources, such as parenting tip sheets, to parents seeking further advice after viewing the program. rung at these centers could also identify andrefer families who may need more intensive help. BEYOND popular opinion (United Kingdom, 1992)A documentary film claimed to show new evidence of satanic/ritual abuse in Britain. quest the program, helplines were overloaded with calls from people who had experienced sexual or ritual abuse. Counsellors noted that The program appeared to have given callers permission to speak of their experiences and their gratitude that someone, somewhere took what they said seriously. (Scott 1993)Henderson, a fellow at Glasgow Universitys mass media unit, as quoted by Hellen (1998) commented that A lot of people who have suffered child abuse quite simply lack the vocabulary, because of shame or fear, to come to terms with what has happened. Provided a period of play does not place blame on the child, it can be very helpful. BBC ScreenplayIt has been suggested that sometimes drama reaches the parts the documentary cannot (Campbell 1989). Writing about tribute of a Child, a BBC screenplay that presents the other side of the Cleveland child sexual abuse saga the story of an abused child going home to the abuser, Campbell argues that sexual assault presents television with terrible problems. Television is about seeing. yet it censors what we need to see if we are to understand because it bows to propriety and thus contains what is knowable (Campbell 1989).Despite this, Campbell (1989) notes the power of fictitious drama based on fact to invite you to think what would you do if faced with that childs face, his fantasies full of terror and death, his starvation, his stubborn silences, his sore bum. COLD HANDS- (New South Wales, 1993)Armstrong (1993) argued that the play portrays a week in the life of a 12 year-old girl sexually assaulted by her father and got pregnant. Theplays focus allows the audience to gain an insight into the childs fear and trauma, the fathers feeble rationalization and defense, and the mothers fear of confronting the truth.Armstrong noted that the New South Wales Child Protection Council showed professional interest in the play and that plays have been used as part of child abuse awareness campaigns. The plays director, Ritchie (as quoted by Armstrong 1993) remarked that The play is powerful, dramatic, presenting practical and emotional reality. It is confronting, but it emphasizes the fact that there is no excuse. QUESTIONS 2 kill Tomorrow New ZealandA documentary, screened in New Zealand in 2001, graphically depicts the lives and abuse of three children. During the documentary, a Detective Inspector informs the audience that the drama is based on the lives of real people, and the audience is told how life false out for the children and their abusers.Only those with ice in their veins could fail to be moved and there lies the problem. In each c ase, one adult or more had failed to take responsibility for the safety of a defenseless child (Herrick 2001). Reporting in The New Zealand Herald, Herrick asks what can programs like this possibly expect to achieve. Twenty years ago, polished society didnt even acknowledge abuse existed, let alone talk about it. So shows like this, which provoke thought and discussion, must be a sign of progress, even if the statistics say otherwise. kill tomorrow was punishing if compelling viewing.Supported by New Zealands child protection authority, Child Youth and Family go (CYFS), consider documentaries like Killing Tomorrow to be a powerful way of educating people about the issues and what can be done to protect children. We want to create an environment where child abuse is less able to exist and were pleased Screentime-Communicado has decided to help raise these serious issues (Brown, CYFS chief executive quoted in TheNew Zealand Herald 28/11/01).After the program was screened there was a panel discussion of the issues presented in the documentary and CYFS booklets that provide tips on parenting were made available to the public. Child protection received 211 phone calls during the documentary and on the night it was screened. Fifty-three child abuse investigations resulted, five of which cases were considered very urgent and were assigned immediately to social workers for investigation (Ward, CYFS spokesperson, quoted in The New Zealand Herald 30/11/01).Also quoted in the New Zealand Herald 30/11/01 was Simcock, the National Social Services spokesperson The documentary showed community groups were doing their best on the issue but government measures were sadly lacking the most helpful thing the government could do was to change the law that allowed parents to hit children.While the documentary appears to have raised awareness of child abuse and prompted some people to act on their suspicions of abuse and neglect, Henare, a Child Abuse Prevention Services spokespe rson, noted that the objective of the documentary would not be reached without enough money for community providers (quoted in The New Zealand Herald 30/11/01).These are only some examples of media campaigns. There were still lots more evidences the media protecting children around the globe from abuse. Though media shows a remarkable effort in the child protection system, people can not stay away from the fact that there are still several problems these media campaigns face.MEDIA PROBLEMS IN CHILD PROTECTION CAMPAIGNJournalists voluntary to advocate for children and young people face the challenge of counterbalancing negative images or demonisation(Franklin and Horwath 1996) of children and, particularly, of adolescents, in print, television and film. Starkly contrasting with once popular views ofchildhood as a time of innocence, less than positive images of children and young people in the media may place obstacles in the path of attempts to prevent their abuse and neglect.In 196 8, 11-yearold Mary Bell murdered two boys, aged three and four in the UK. Twenty-five years later, in 1993, two ten-year-old boys murdered two-year-old Jamie Bulger in the UK, and in Australia in 1998, a ten-year-old boy was charged with drowning a six-year-old playmate. In such cases, a child being able to open his or her mind in abusive acts might be the perpetrator of maltreatment to his or her fellow.Psychologically, the Social Information Processing possible action of Aggression, comes here. According to Strasburger (1995), the central tenet of social information processing theory is that children create their own rationales to explain the behavior of others during social during social encounters. In turn, these self- generated interpretation influence childrens responses in their ongoing social interaction. Given that mental state operate in a feedback loop, it is possible that all social experiences, including those involving untamed media, could influence social informatio n processing.CONCLUSIONSociety sometimes fails to recognize that children are the most vulnerable group in our community, and are thus in need of the greatest protection. The social and economic be to societies that have not prioritized childrens needs, especially the prevention of child abuse and neglect, are well documented.This paper focused on news stories, feature articles and investigative journalism. In this, we have concentrated on mass media education and prevention campaigns, television series, documentaries, and live theatre productions. It demonstrate the medias potential power to positively influence child welfare policies, community responses to children and young people, and societal acknowledgement of, and reaction to, child abuse and neglect. It challenges those who are involved in child welfare and child protection to make greater efforts to understand media influences and to usethe media constructively.Sustained community education and prevention campaigns, using mass media communication, are integral to the prevention of child abuse and neglect. These campaigns continually confront communities with the reality of child abuse. They challenge people, institutions, and governments to listen to children and to respond to the needs of all children and families, and particularly the special needs of children who have been abused or neglected. Further, sustained mass media word picture of child abuse and neglect may publicly censure and shame perpetrators, many of whom are relatives and adults well known to the victimized child. According to Tucci (2002), the agenda for our community and the government which represents us should be clear. The prevention of child abuse should be a priority.However, to be effective, mass media campaigns will need to be part of a broader prevention program that includes the provision of supports and services for all children and families. There are limitations to what the media can achieve.REFERENCESArmstrong, M. (1993), The cold realities of child sex abuse, Sydney Morning Herald, 11 NovemberBoztas, S. (1999), Prince Andrew launches crusade against child cruelty. The Daily Telegraph, 23/3/99.Franklin, B. and Horwath, J. (1996). The media abuse of children Jakes progress from demonic icon to restored childhood. Child Abuse Review.Friedrich, L. and Stein, A. (1973). Aggressive and prosocial television programs and the natural behaviour of preschool children. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child DevelopmentGamble, T. and Gamble, M. (1999). Communication works. McGraw HillPublications.Goddard, C. and Saunders, B.J. (2000), The role of the media, in nominate Axis Child Sexual Abuse in Queensland Selected Research Papers.Goddard, Chris. , Saunders, Bernadette. (2002). The role of mass media in facilitating community education and child abuse prevention strategies. Child Abuse Prevention Issues Number 16.Gough, D. (1996), Defining the problem Child Abuse & Neglect, Vol. 20.Hall, C. ( 1999), NSPCC shock tactics to tackle child abuse, The Daily Telegraph.Hamelink, Cees. (2000). Media and Human Rights. Media and Human Rights in Asia an AMIC Compilation. Singapore AMIC.Hellen, N. (1998), Bennett pens TV child sex drama, Sunday Times, 5 October.Herrick, L. (2001), Truth of abuse too powerful to ignore, The New Zealand Herald, 21 DecemberHutson, S. and Liddiard, M. (1994). Youth homelessness The construction of a social issue. Macmillan PublicationJohnston, J. and Ettema, J. (1982). Positive images Breaking stereotypes with childrens television. Sage Publications.Johnston, J. Bauman, J. Milne, L. and Urdan, T. (1993). Taking the measure of talking with TJ An evaluation of the first implementation of talking with J Series 1, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan Publishers.Mizuta, Kayoko. (2000). Human Rights and Media. Media and Human Rights in Asia an AMIC Compilation. Singapore AMIC.Olafsen, R., Corwin, D. and Summit, R. (1993). Modern history of chi ld sexual abuse awareness Cycles of discovery and suppression. Child Abuse and Neglect.Postman, N. (1994). The disappearance of childhood. Vintage Books.Sanders, M.R., Montgomery, D.T. and Brechman-Toussaint, M.L. (2000), The mass-media and the prevention of child behavior problems The evaluation of a television series to promote positive outcomes for parents and their children, Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry.Singer, D. and Singer, A. (1981). Television, imagination and aggression A study of preschoolers Sage Publications.Strasburger, Victor. (1995). Adolescents and the Media medical exam and Psychological Impact. Sage Publications.Tucci, J. Goddard, C. and Mitchell, J. (2001). More Action Less Talk Community responses to child abuse prevention, Australians Against Child Abuse. Ringwood.

Kohlberg and piaget’s moral development

Elizabeth, a septenary year old child, was forbidden by her m new(prenominal) to figure out inside the house or else shell draw in her up side down. One day, her little friends invited her to play a chasing game. Because she was not to play inside the house, she told her friends to play outside the house. They got bored with the game and decided to change it into hide and seek. Elizabeth, a very competitive child, doesnt want to be caught by anyone. She decided to hide inside the house keeping in object to be as careful as possible.But unfortunately for her, her friend Aspen, who was the seeker, saw her enter the house and followed her. Elizabeth got nervous when she saw Aspen. In the instant that Aspen entered the house, Elizabeth quickly ran towards the door but she was caught by Aspen. They grab each other so that one of them might reach the base first. But as they grab each other they bump into vase stand. The vase fell and breaks. Her mother caught them. Elizabeth told her mother that its not her fault and include Aspen as well.Commonly, children exhibits a pre-conventional level of way of thinking, that is, they enter the first and second stage of Kohlbergs six stages of moral phylogenesis (Nucci, 2002). In stage 1, children conceived an action to be right or wrong according to the punishment their parents r incessantlyt them. In stage 2, the concept developed by a child is like you scratch my back, Ill scratch yours.For Piaget, children are more worried about the results and consequences of what they have done rather than the true background underlying their action (Nucci, 2002). Applying these theories to Elizabeth situation, she would think of horrible situations like her mothers going to tie her up side down. Maybe shell also think of different scenarios like shell not allow her to play ever again. Another thing, shell make sure that Aspen will take her punishment too this is to include the you scratch my back, Ill scratch yours. Obviously, t he childs age is appropriate to the stage since Elizabeth is exhibiting both the characteristics that Piaget and Kohlberg described.ReferenceNucci, L. (2002, February 15). Studies in Moral schooling and Education An Overview.Retrieved September 23, 2007, from http//tigger.uic.edu/lnucci/MoralEd/overview.html.

How does Edgar Allan Poe misguide the reader in his story ‘The Black Cat’? Essay

When I maiden read the agnomen of the fib by Poe, My flying assumption was that it was a mysterious composition ab emerge a black regurgitate that may lease superstition and witchcraft, because in literature, black cats are associated with superstition, darkness and evil exclusively as the essay title questions how it misguides the lector, I thought that the flooring may hold up nonhing to do with the supernatural.This story, The Black Cat is by Edgar Allan Poe. We do not know of what the story is about just we make assumptions from the title and we do not know whether the storyteller is male or female because the story is fictional but Poe writes as if it is a personal account and it had really make passed to him. His intent of the story is to unburden his soul and I think he wants to confess to everyone and anyone who allow listen to him as he says he wants to place before the world what has happened and claims he is going to die tomorrow.The opening is unusual becau se of his proposal when he says tomorrow, I will die. as well as he gives the storyline but without detail, is this to misguide us? We never usually see this in a story. I think the story is about someone who has been involved in a series of untoward household events that have terrified, have tortured and have destroyed him. The general tone is a scare and worried one because he says how it has affected him and used powerful language, such as tortured. as well the writer seems desperate for someone to explain these happenings.In this story this writer has wrote the story in first person. This means that being a reader I can emphasise with the narrator. In most stories the narrator is the hero, he is known as being courageous and have the characteristics of a hero although in this story this is not the case. Poe was the first writer to use this style and make the narrator an anti-hero he is also called this because it doesnt seem right to label him a villain, but he also is not a hero.At the beginning of the story the narrator tries to make you feel sympathetic towards them by telling you that tomorrow, I will die and tells of how recent events have tortured, terrified and destroyed him. He then(prenominal) continues to tell us how he was a tool lover by saying never was I so talented as when feeding and caressing them. He also says how he was married early and his wife has a disposition not uncongenial with my own, he and his wife were very alike and quite manifestly happy.We are perceived into thinking he is a nice a nice and well natured gentleman. tho we have been direct as he is far from this stereotype is reality. We are fooled into thinking that he was an animal lover who would never hurt a soul. He tries to get our sympathy because he is consumed with guilt at the fact he sickly mistreated and polished a cat and ill-treated and went on to try and kill his second cat with an axe, but instead he savagely and accidentally killed his wife, he sa ys how he hide the axe in her brain. We have been betrayed completely by the narrator.Another itinerary that the reader is misguided is by the unusual structure. In most stories these usually contains only one major climax but in The Black Cat there is a number of major climaxs but the events that happen in the climaxs gets worse as the story goes on, making us jam the last climax that happened and we be seed immune. The first major climax is when the narrator gouges the cats eye out. We think this is the major climax but as the story progresses the events become worse and go from the cat being hanged and then finally resulting in his wife being murdered by him. He does this because he wants to tell us the evil things he has done one-by-one because he hopes we will forget about the antecedent atrocities and still feel sympathy for him.I also feel that, Pluto was used to misguide the reader in this story. First off, we find out that the cat is named Pluto, this could be associate d with a mysteriousness and possibly magic and witchcraft. Poe then continues to say how at first the cat was an affectionate, loving pet, none the less he reveals his wifes belief cats are witches in disguise.This automatically makes us think that supernatural happenings will later come into the story. The fact that he says about the cats white patch changing into a collar like a noose and that the second cat is a reincarnation of the first seems pretty surreal and unbelievable. The reason for this is so that we also believe that the cat is evil. The main role of the cat in this story is to divert the shoot down from the narrator to the cat for the terrible things he had done and the murder of his wife. The story would be incomplete without the cat, as it would just be about a man who has killed his wife the cat is the main character.Another way Poe attempts to misguide the reader is by using manifold, a common factor used in chivalric horror stories to show the story contains s plit personallities. In this story, it is two cats that are used as doubles to highlight the fact of the narrators split personality. Also another thing that suggests the narrator has a split personallity is the gouging of his cats eye. In english litrature, the gouging of an a eye is interpretted as the person who done it, wanting to be self-castrated. As this story was wrote in the pre 20th century when homosexuallity was illegal, one theory is that the narrator may have in denile of being homosexual,. This relates back to the self-castration, is it possible he wanted to become a woman? So that it was legal to have relationships with males. And by killing his wife with an axe demonstrates his inability to be with a woman.In conclusion I felt the purpose in the narrator writing his account of what had happaned was to divert the blame of all the grievous things he had done, off of himself. My personal reaction tp this story was rather excited and anxious as to what would happen nex t, after each climax, but I also felt quite disturbed as the story made me be in the mind of a murderer.

Integrity in to Kill a Mockingbird Essay

Integrity is having a standard of morals and ethics, and living by them. It is a willingness and ability to do the responsibility thing even so when it is hard. The story To Kill a Mockingbird is filled with ace. For example, many of the people in Maycomb sh be a prejudiced smell of integrity when it comes to its racist views. However, it is genus genus Atticus Finchs integrity throughout the novel that genuinely embodies the idea of moral and honourable principles. He puts into action every moral idea that he supports. Atticus is a role model to not only his children, but to the alone t proclaim of Maycomb, and his integrity is a great part of what makes him such a good example. Integrity breeds integrity. Harper Lee is suggesting that integrity inwardly ourselves functions others to have integrity. Atticus brought up Jem and Scout by example.His show of integrity instilled within his children their own sense of integrity. Both Jem and Scout argon exposed to experiences thr oughout the novel their shape their perception of right and wrong. For example, Atticus took up the case of Tom Robinson not only because he had to, but because he was fighting for an fair life against injustice and racial prejudice. His display of integrity in Tom Robinsons case was reflected onto his children. They before long came to know their father as a hero full of moral courage, and did their best to do him right in their own ways. though they could have fought against their peers insults against them and Atticus, they showed adversity by not reciprocating. As it was, we were compelled to hold our heads elevated and be, noticeively, a gentlemen and a lady.(Lee, pg. 247)Furthermore, Scout shows integrity through her wisdom and compassion that goes beyond her years. Atticus is a healthful role model to his children with his strong sense of integrity, and Scout and Jem develop their own integrity throughout To Kill a Mockingbird with his lead. Atticuss integrity extends no t only to his family, but to the whole community of Maycomb. The community of Maycomb was heartedly against Atticus defending Tom Robinson, a black man. Yet, once again, Atticuss integrity shines through as he stands strong through the adversity.During the trial, Atticus speaks firmly of the truth, and forces Maycomb to examine their vagary of race and the equality of man. As Christians, they know that all men were equal. As Atticus finishes his speech, he says In the name of god, believe him Tom Robinson (Lee, Pg. 209). In saying this, he is reminding the jury of this integrity they are supposed to uphold. Though Maycomb convicted Tom Robinson, as Miss Maudie said Were making a step-its just a baby-step, but its a step. (Lee, Pg.220) She is referring to the fact that Atticus had been able to force the jury to examine their views of race, as they were kept out so long. In this way, Atticuss integrity got to every person of Maycomb.another(prenominal) example is when Reverend Sykes says to Scout Miss Jean Louise, stand up, your fathers passin.(Lee, Pg 215) Reverend Sykes is demonstrating his respect for Atticus by telling Scout to show the same respect. Atticuss integrity had a strong impact on the black community of Maycomb, and they demonstrated a great deal of their own integrity because of him. Atticuss integrity reflects onto all of Maycomb countys citizens. Todays society stomach easily relate to the pressures on the individuals and communitys integrity that is found in the novel To Kill a Mockingbird. Every day peer pressure instils within us the go for to be bigger and better than what we are. The media, how others view us, and the pressure put on us by others will all test our integrity on a daily basis.Atticus and his children both(prenominal) had to deal with the adversity against them because of the communities differences in opinion. They kept their integrity through it all with Jem and scout having their fathers moral advice and support to hel p them. Though many succumb to the pressures put on us, there are also many Atticuss out there that have a moral and ethical conscience backing them up. They become a role model that breeds integrity through their moral practices. forrader I can live with other folks Ive got to live with myself. The one thing that doesnt abide by majority rule is a persons conscience. (Lee, pg.108)To conclude, Atticus is a strong moral figure in the book To Kill a Mockingbird that demonstrates the quality of integrity to the fullest. His integrity helps others to have integrity. To explain, Atticus instils a strong sense of integrity within his children by teaching them by example. Furthermore, his example of integrity also extends to the community of Maycomb, as Atticus forces them to reflect upon their prejudiced racial views. We ourselves are every day tested with our own integrity, and the Atticuss of the world and in ourselves can help strengthen our moral values. All in all, Integrity within ourselves helps others to have integrity.